Pipe Flange System
ʻO ka flange paipu e pili ana i ka flange i hoʻohana ʻia no ka paipu ʻana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka pipeline, a pili i nā flanges inlet a me waho o nā mea hana ke hoʻohana ʻia ma luna o nā mea hana.Aia nā puka ma nā ʻaoʻao, a ʻo nā bolts e hoʻopili paʻa i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā flanges me nā gaskets.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka flange i ka pilina pili (threaded connection) flange, welding flange a me clamp flange.Hoʻohana ʻia nā flanges i ʻelua, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā flanges uea no nā paipu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me nā flanges welded no ke kaumaha o ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻehā kilokani.Hoʻohui ʻia kahi gasket ma waena o nā flanges ʻelua a laila hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā bolts.ʻOkoʻa ka mānoanoa o nā flanges me nā kaomi ʻokoʻa, a ʻokoʻa hoʻi nā bolts a lākou e hoʻohana ai.Ke hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōpala wai a me nā kiwi i nā pipeline, hana ʻia nā ʻāpana o kēia mau mea hana a me nā mea hana i nā ʻano flange like, i kapa ʻia hoʻi nā pili flange.ʻO nā ʻāpana pili āpau i hoʻopili ʻia e nā bolts ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā mokulele ʻelua a pani ʻia i ka manawa like i kapa ʻia ʻo "flanges", e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā paipu ea.Hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia ʻano ʻāpana "ʻāpana flange".Eia naʻe, he ʻāpana wale nō kēia pili o nā mea hana, e like me ka pilina ma waena o ka flange a me ka pauma wai, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ke kapa ʻana i ka paila wai "nā ʻāpana flange".ʻO nā mea liʻiliʻi, e like me nā valves, hiki ke kapa ʻia "nā ʻāpana flange".
1. E like me ka 'oihana kemika (HG) 'oihana kūlana: integral flange (IF), threaded flange (Th), plate flat welding flange (PL), neck butt welding flange (WN), neck flat welding flange (SO), socket wiliwili puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi (SW), puʻupuʻu kuʻikuʻi apo apo i hoʻokuʻu ʻia (PJ/SE), apo hoʻoheheʻe paʻa paʻa paʻa paʻa (PJ/RJ), uhi paʻa (BL(S)), uhi paʻa (BL).
2. E like me ka petrochemical (SH) hana maʻamau: threaded flange (PT), butt welding flange (WN), flat welding flange (SO), socket welding flange (SW), loose flange (LJ), Flange uhi (ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia. ).
3. E like me ka machinery (JB) 'oihana kūlana: integral flange, butt kuʻihao flange, pā palahalaha kuʻihao flange, butt kuʻihao apo apo laula lau, flat kuʻihao paʻa paʻaʻalo flange, flanged apo hoʻokuʻu flange Flange, flange uhi.
4. E like me ka 'āina (GB) kūlana: integral flanges, threaded flanges, butt kuʻihao flanges, 'ā'ī palahalaha kuʻiʻo flanges, 'ā'ī kumu kuʻihao flanges, butt kuʻihao apo apo i hoʻokuʻuʻia flanges, pā pāpaʻa flanges Kuʻikuʻi flanges, butt-welded apo apo apo flanges wehe. , pa'i ku'i pa'a pa'a pa'ipa'i pa'ipa'i li'ili'i.
WCB (ka hao hao), LCB (haʻahaʻa wela kalapona kila), LC3 (3.5% nickel kila), WC5 (1.25% chromium 0.5% molybdenum kila), WC9 (2.25% chromium), C5 (5% chromium 0.5% molybdenum), C12 (9% chromium a me 1% molybdenum), CA6NM (4 (12% chromium steel), CA15 (4) (12% chromium), CF8M (316 stainless steel), CF8C (347 stainless steel), CF8 (304 stainless steel). ), CF3 (304L) Ke kila kila), CF3M (316L ke kila kila), CN7M (ke kila kila), M35-1 (Monel), N7M (Haast Nickel Alloy B), CW6M (Hasta Nickel Alloy C), CY40 (Inconel) E kali.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kaʻina hana i ʻehā mau ʻano: forging, casting, cutting and rolling.
(1) E hoolei i ka lepa a me ka lepa hana
ʻO ka flange hoʻolei he ʻano kūpono a me ka nui, ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻoili ʻana a me ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, akā loaʻa nā hemahema (pores, māwae, inclusions);ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka hana o loko o ka hoʻolei ʻana (inā he ʻāpana ʻokiʻoki, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka streamline);
He ha'aha'a ka ha'aha'a o ke kalapona ma mua o ka flanges i ho'olele 'ia a 'a'ole ma'alahi ka 'ōpala.Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā forgings, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka paʻa, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai mechanical ma mua o nā flanges hoʻolei;
ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe kūpono ʻole e hoʻoulu ai i nā hua aniani nui a i ʻole like ʻole, nā māwae paʻakikī, a me nā kumukūʻai forging ʻoi aʻe ma mua o nā flanges hoʻolei.
Hiki i nā forgings ke pale aku i nā ikaika ʻoi aʻe a me nā ikaika tensile ma mua o ka hoʻolei ʻana.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā ʻano paʻakikī a me nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa;
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka forgings ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka hale o loko, a ʻaʻohe mea pōʻino e like me nā pores a me nā inclusions i ka hoʻolei ʻana;
Mai ke kaʻina hana, ʻokoʻa ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka flange cast a me ka flange forged.No ka laʻana, ʻo ka flange centrifugal kahi ʻano o ka flange hoʻolei.
Aia nā flanges Centrifugal i ke ʻano hoʻolei pololei e hana i nā flanges.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻolei ʻana i ke one maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ʻano o kēia ʻano hoʻolei, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi.ʻAʻole ia e pili i nā pilikia e like me ka wehe ʻana o ka hale, pores, a me ka trachoma.
ʻO ka mea mua, pono mākou e hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka flange centrifugal, ke ʻano o ke kaʻina hana a me ka huahana o ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka centrifugal e hana i ka flange welding flat, i ʻike ʻia i ka hana ʻana o ka huahana ma o nā kaʻina hana:
① E hoʻokomo i ke kila kila i koho ʻia i loko o ka umu uila no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, i hiki ai ka mahana o ke kila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i 1600-1700 ℃;
② E hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua i ka ʻeleʻele metala i 800-900 ℃ e mālama i ka mahana mau;
③ E hoʻomaka i ka centrifuge, a ninini i ke kila i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma ka ʻanuʻu ① i loko o ka mole metala ma hope o ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka pae ②;
④ Hoʻomaʻalili maoli ka hoʻolei ʻana i 800-900 ℃ a mālama ʻia no 1-10 mau minuke;
⑤ Hoʻolili me ka wai a kokoke i ka mahana maʻamau, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a lawe i waho i ka hoʻolei ʻana.
