ʻO ka Flange Kuʻi Palahalaha
Ma muli o ka hana maikaʻi o ka flange, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā papahana maʻamau e like me ka ʻoihana kemika, ke kūkulu ʻana, ka lako wai, ka hoʻokahe wai, ka ʻaila, ka ʻoihana māmā a me ke kaumaha, ka hoʻomaʻalili, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ka plumbing, ke kinai ahi, ka mana uila, ka aerospace, ke kūkulu moku a pēlā aku.
ʻElua mau ʻōnaehana nui o nā kūlana flange paipu honua, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻōnaehana flange paipu ʻEulopa i hōʻike ʻia e ka DIN Kelemania (me ka Soviet Union mua) a me ka ʻōnaehana flange paipu ʻAmelika i hōʻike ʻia e nā flanges paipu ANSI ʻAmelika. Eia kekahi, aia nā flanges paipu JIS Kepanī, akā hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou i nā hana lehulehu ma nā hale hana petrochemical, a he liʻiliʻi ko lākou hopena honua. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hoʻolauna ʻana o nā flanges paipu ma nā ʻāina like ʻole penei:
1. ʻO nā flanges paipu ʻōnaehana ʻEulopa i hōʻike ʻia e Kelemania a me ka Soviet Union mua
2. Nā kūlana paipu ʻōnaehana ʻAmelika, i hōʻike ʻia e ANSI B16.5 a me ANSI B 16.47
3. Nā kūlana flange paipu Pelekane a me Farani, ʻelua mau kūlana flange casing i kēlā me kēia.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā kūlana flange paipu honua holoʻokoʻa ma ke ʻano he ʻelua mau ʻōnaehana flange paipu like ʻole a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia: ʻo kekahi ka ʻōnaehana flange paipu ʻEulopa i hōʻike ʻia e Kelemania; ʻo kekahi i hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana flange paipu ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
He kūlana i hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo IOS7005-1 e ka International Organization for Standardization i ka makahiki 1992. ʻO kēia kūlana he kūlana flange paipu maoli nō ia e hoʻohui ana i ʻelua moʻo o nā flanges paipu mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Kelemānia.
