45 # Paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole
ʻO ka mea mua, ka hana, nā ʻano hana a me nā koi ʻenehana o nā ʻāpana shaft
ʻO nā ʻāpana shaft kekahi o nā ʻāpana maʻamau i ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā mīkini.Hoʻohana nui ʻia e kākoʻo i nā ʻāpana hoʻoili, hoʻouna i ka torque a me nā ukana bear.ʻO nā ʻāpana shaft nā ʻāpana ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ke anawaena, a ʻo ka mea maʻamau i loko o ka ʻili cylindrical o waho, ka ʻili conical, ka lua i loko a me ke kaula o ka concentric shaft a me ka ʻili hope e pili ana.E like me nā ʻano hana like ʻole, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana shaft i nā shaft optical, stepped shafts, hollow shafts a me crankshafts.
45# ka inoa ma GB, kapa ʻia ma JIS: S45C, kapa ʻia ʻo 1045, 080M46 ma ASTM, a kapa ʻia ʻo DIN: C45
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