Kuʻekuʻe Anawaena Nui
Ua like ka mīkini kuʻi paipu me ka kuʻi ʻana o ka metala.I ka hihia o ka piko maʻemaʻe, i ka wā e piʻo ai ka paipu me ke anawaena o waho o D a me ka mānoanoa o ka pā o t ma lalo o ka hana a kahi manawa waho M, ua hoʻokau ʻia ka paia o waho o ka papa kūʻokoʻa i ke koʻikoʻi tensile σ1, a me ka ʻoi aku ka lahilahi o ka paia o ka paipu;ka paipu o loko o ka papa kuʻekuʻe Ua kau ʻia ka pā i ke koʻikoʻi tensile σ1, a ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka pā paipu.Eia kekahi, hoʻololi ke ʻano keʻa mai ke ʻano pōʻai i kahi ʻano elliptic ma muli o ka hui pū ʻana o F1 a me F2.Ke nui loa ka deformation, hiki mai nā māwae ma ka paia o waho a me nā wrinkles ma ka paia o loko.
1. Māhele ʻia e ka mea:
Ke kila kalapona:ASTM/ASME A234 WPB, WPC
Alloy:ASTM/ASME A234 WP 1-WP 12-WP 11-WP 22-WP 5-WP 91-WP911, 15Mo3 15CrMoV, 35CrMoV
Kila kohu ʻole:ASTM/ASME A403 WP 304-304L-304H-304LN-304N ASTM/ASME A403 WP 316-316L-316H-316LN-316N-316Ti ASTM/ASME A403 WP 321-321H AS40TM/WASME A37
Ke kila wela haʻahaʻa:ASTM/ASME A402 WPL3-WPL 6
Ke kila hana kiʻekiʻe:ASTM/ASME A860 WPHY 42-46-52-60-65-70 Ke kila hoʻolei, ke kila kila, ke kila kila, ke keleawe, ka alumini alumini, plastic, argon leaching, PVC, PPR, RFPP (reinforced polypropylene), etc.
2. E like me ke ʻano hana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka paʻi ʻana, kaomi, forging, hoʻolei, etc.
3. E like me ka mea hana maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke kūlana aupuni, ka uila uila, ka moku moku, ka maʻamau kemika, ke kūlana wai, ka standard American, German standard, Japanese standard, Russian standard, etc.
